Which materials are suitable for stud welding?

Concerning the selection of materials, the same rules apply as in conventional arc welding.

  • Materials of the same type should always be welded.
  • As regards unalloyed steels, the institute for standardization only mentions "4.8 - suitable for welding”. According to DIN EN ISO 898, 4.8 means a tensile strength of 420 N/mm2, yield strength 340N/mm² at 14% yield strength. The suitability of unalloyed or low-alloy steels for fusion welding is defined by the carbon content and the further chemical analysis. Due to the extremely rapid temperature rise and cooling processes (arcing time <1s), there is a risk of hardening due to embrittlement in steel. The carbon content of the materials to be welded (stud and base material) should therefore be C <0.17%.

Tip ignition

Stud material

Base material

Mild steels
(Re ≤ 360 N/mm²)
Fine-grained steel
(Re > 500 N/mm²)

galvanized
and metal coated sheets
(µ<5µm)

Stainless steels
CrNi steels

Copper
Brass
(CuZn37)

Aluminium
(Al99,5)
Al-Mg alloys
(AlMg3 / AlMg4,5)

4.8 (S235)

A2-50 (1.4301)
A4/A5-50 (1.4571)

CuZn 37

AlMg 3

good welding suitability
for any application

suitable with restrictions
for power transmission

not suitable for welding

Drawn arc ignition

Stud material

Base material

Mild steel
(ReH ≤ 450 N/mm²)
C≤ 0.2%

galvanized and metal coated sheets
(µ<25µm)

Stainless steels
CrNi steels

Aluminium
(Al99,5)
Al-Mg alloys
(AlMg3 / AlMg4,5)

4.8 (S235)

2

A2-50 (1.4301)
A4/A5-50 (1.4571)

1

AlMg 3

1, 2

good welding suitability
for any application

1: up to ø 12 mm and shielding gas, flat position (PA)

suitable with restrictions
for power transmission

2: only for short cycle stud welding

not suitable for welding