Available stud shapes?

The geometric characteristics outside the welding plane and the stud length are irrelevant for the welding process.

The design of the required welding geometry or stud tip depends on the welding process used. The longer the welding time and thus the melting volume, the more tapered the stud tip is. For example, the ignition cone of welding elements for tip ignition is flatter than that of welding elements for drawn arc ignition.

Geometry

Outer Diameter

Inner Diameter

Pin

(Function)

Code Identification

(DIN EN ISO 13918)

P

(Pitch)

I

(Internal thread)

U

(Unthreaded)

The characteristics outside the welding plane and the stud length are irrelevant for the welding process.

The design of the stud base geometry or stud tip depends on the welding process used. The longer the welding time and thus the melting volume, the more tapered the stud tip is. For example, the ignition cone of welding elements for tip ignition is flatter than that of welding elements for drawn arc ignition.

Process

Capacitor Discharge

Short-Cycle

Drawn Arc

Code Identification

(DIN EN ISO 13918)

T

Tip Ignition

S

Short-Cycle

D

Drawn Arc

The stud designation then consists of the combination "code letter geometry" and "code letter method".

Thus, for example, a PT stud is a threaded stud (external thread) for tip ignition.

Note:

  • The welding process determines the welding geometry.
  • The ignition geometry of the stud influences the process by its shape.
  • The component function determines the external geometry.

Drawn-Arc stud welding - Ceramic ring auxiliary equipment

Stud types for drawn arc ignition with ceramic ring have a pressed-in aluminium ball at the tip in order to ignite the arc more easily and to deoxidise the weld pool.

A ceramic ring is used

  • for studs larger than 12 mm diameter (welding diameter)
  • when welding in constrained positions (vertical wall, overhead)
  • when welding under construction site conditions
  • Disadvantage: not suitable for automated series production

The ceramic ring must be selected to match the stud and is generally always delivered with the welding element.

Industry Specific / Customer Specific

In addition, there are a large number of non-standardized, industry-specific welding elements. The welding and functional surface geometry is designed according to the application. Examples of this can be found in automotive engineering, where millions of fastening elements with coarse threads or lacquer grooves are used, in switch cabinet and device construction with welded earthing angles or in power plant and plant construction with fastening elements for thermal insulation.